Green natural rubber-based membrane for drug release

Abstract Drug release membranes have been developed in various points of view for many decades. They should be flexible responding to body movement the patient convenience. Most them are synthetic materials. Since natural rubber (NR) is elastic and flexible, it an interesting green material develop as a drug membrane. However, there limitation NR Therefore, development efficiency membrane important challenging. The objective this work from based alternative material. NR, epoxidized (ENR), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), NR/PVA ENR/PVA were prepared by casting process. Sodium diclofenac was used work. result H 1 NMR revealed that 25 mol% ENR obtained. It proven no formation chemical bonding between matrix Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization. swelling ratios PVA, ENR/PVA, about 165%, 120% 100%, respectively, whereas not swollen. probably due high hydrophilicity PVA. surfaces presented some agglomeration particles shown scanning electron microscopy micrographs. distribution very poor obvious PVA present. polar groups (epoxide hydroxyl) may assist ionic distribution. showed neat gave lowest value at 50%. predicted trapped inside matrix. This similar case membrane, provided highest fastest compared others. ENR, %drug increased gradually with time until constant 7 hours onwards. can said modification adding hydrophilic group (as ENR) could enhance release. Moreover, addition part (combination PVA) also obviously seen membranes.